Rome (AFP) – Pope Francis changed church law Monday to explicitly allow women to do more things during mass, granting them access to the most sacred places on the altar, while still emphasizing that they cannot be priests.
Francis amended the law to formalize and institutionalize what is common in many parts of the world: women can be installed as lecturers, to read the Bible, and to work on the altar as Eucharistic servants. Previously, these roles were formally reserved to men although there are exceptions.
Francis said the change was underway to increase recognition of the “precious contribution” women make to the church, while affirming that all baptized Catholics have a role in the church’s mission.
But he also noted that doing so also distinguishes between “priestly” services such as the priesthood and deaconess, and the ministries open to qualified laity. The Vatican maintains the priesthood for men.
The change comes at a time when Francis remains under pressure to allow women to become deacons – priests who perform many of the same functions as priests, such as presiding over weddings, baptisms and funerals. Currently, the service is for men although historians say the service was performed by women in the early church.
Francis set up a second committee of experts to study whether women could be deacons, after the first failed to reach consensus.
Advocates of expanding the deaconess to include women say doing so would give women a greater role in church service and governance, while also helping to address the shortage of priests in several parts of the world.
Opponents say allowing this would become a slippery slope toward women’s ordination to the priesthood.
Felice Zagano, who was a member of the Pope’s First Study Committee, described the changes as significant given that they represented the first time that the Vatican had explicitly and through canon law permitted women access to the altar. She said it was a necessary first step before any formal consideration of a female deaconess.
“This is the first movement to allow women to enter the campus,” Zagano said. “This is a very big deal.”
She noted that bishops had long called for such a step, and said it opened the door for further progress. “You can only be ordained as a deacon if you are appointed as a lecturer or university,” said Zagano, professor of religion at Hofstra University.
But Lucita Scaravia, the former editor of the Vatican women’s magazine, described the new changes as a “double trap”. She said they were content to formalize the current practice, including in the Papal Mass, with the clarification that a deaconess is a “ordained” ministry for men.
“This closes the door to my women’s sun,” she said in a telephone interview, describing the change as a “step backward” for women.
